In Hamlet, Laertes warns Ophelia that Hamlet, a member of the royal family, cannot choose who he will marry. He believes that his marriage choice may not be solely his own, and he must make one to benefit his country, possibly through an arranged marriage with someone with power.
Laertes advises Ophelia to keep her virginity intact and stay away from Hamlet and the “danger of desire.” He compares Hamlet to a body and calls Denmark the voice and body to which Hamlet, as the head, must yield. Laertes is worried about his sister’s interactions with Hamlet and advises her not to place too much hope in Hamlet’s attentions to her.
Polonius gives a great deal of advice to his son Laertes, covering nine items of advice. He advises Ophelia to give her thoughts no tongue and not to place too much hope in Hamlet’s attentions to her. Laertes also suggests that Hamlet’s marriage choice will be influenced by his mental state, and therefore, his choice must be circumscribed.
In addition to his advice, Laertes also shares a ghostly message with Hamlet about his mother. The ghost tells Hamlet that his love is guided by the welfare of the government and his state, and he must choose a wife who will benefit his country.
In summary, Laertes’ advice to Ophelia and Polonius serves as a cautionary tale for Hamlet, emphasizing the importance of his choices and the potential consequences of his actions.
📹 Ophelia, Gertrude, and Regicide – Hamlet Part 2: Crash Course Literature 204
In which John Green teaches you MORE about Bill Shakespeare’s Hamlet. John talks about gender roles in Hamlet, and what …
What does Laertes say to Ophelia about Hamlet?
In Polonius’s chambers, Laertes says goodbye to Ophelia and warns her not to trust Hamlet. Polonius joins them, sends Laertes off, then tells Ophelia to stop seeing Hamlet. In Polonius’s room, Laertes says goodbye to Ophelia and tells her not to trust Hamlet. Polonius joins them, sends Laertes off, then tells Ophelia not to see Hamlet again.
LAERTES0472My things are on the ship. Goodbye.And sister, don’t sleep. Let me hear from you.LAERTES0477For Hamlet, and the trifling of his favor, 0478 Hold it as a fashion and a toy in blood, 0479 A violet in the youth of primal nature, 0480 Forward, not permanent, sweet, not lasting, 0481 The perfume and supply of a minute, 0482 Nomore. OPHELIA0483 Nomore but so? LAERTES0484 Think it no more.
0485Fornature,crescent,doesnotgrowalone048615Inthewsand⟨bulk,⟩but,asthistemplewaxes,0487Theinwardserviceofthemindandsoul0488Growswidewithal.Perhaps he loves you now. He is not soiled nor cautious. His virtue is his will. You must fear his greatness. His will is not his own. He is subject to his birth.He may not choose for himself, because his actions affect the safety and health of the whole state.This choice must be made according to the voice and actions of the body that he is in charge of. If he says he loves you, it is wise to believe him. As he acts in his place, he may give his word, which is no more than the main voice of Denmark.Then weigh what loss your honor may sustain. If you are too credentious, list this song. If you lose your heart or your chastity, open to this unmastered importunity. Fear it, Ophelia; fear it, my dear sister. Keep you in the rear of your affection, out of the shot and danger of desire.051140 The chariest maid is prodigal enough. 0512 If she unmasks her beauty to the moon. 0513 Virtue itself is not calumnious. 0514The canker galls the infants of the spring. Before their buttons are disclosed, and in the morning dew of youth, contagious blastments are imminent. Bewary; best safety lies in fear. Youth rebels, though none else does. OPHELIA: I shall keep the effect of this good lesson.
What does Laertes want to do to Hamlet Act 4?
In Act 4, Scene 7 of Hamlet, Laertes wants to kill Hamlet to avenge Polonius’ death. Claudius wants to kill Hamlet because he is afraid that Hamlet knows that Claudius killed his own brother, Hamlet’s father. Claudius uses Laertes’s grief to get him to help kill Hamlet.
What does Laertes say to Ophelia about Hamlet’s intentions?
Laertes says Ophelia’s reputation will be ruined if she sleeps with Hamlet. He says Hamlet only wants her for sex, not love. He’s worried about Ophelia and doesn’t want her to be hurt.
What is Laertes advice to Ophelia concerning her relationship with Hamlet?
Laertes is leaving for France. He says goodbye to Ophelia and tells her not to get involved with Hamlet because he is moody and has to take care of his country. He tells her to stay pure and avoid Hamlet.
How does Laertes respond to Hamlet?
Laertes and Hamlet fight. Claudius, Gertrude, and Horatio ask the men to stop. Hamlet vows to fight Laertes until he dies. He says he loves Ophelia more than he loves forty thousand brothers. Claudius and Gertrude are sad about Hamlet’s madness.
Is Ophelia a virgin in Hamlet?
Abstract: Description. This paper will discuss how women’s virginity is treated, especially in Shakespeare and the Bible. It mostly looks at Ophelia in Hamlet, but also at virginity in the Bible and during the Renaissance. One biblical reference in the play is Jephthah’s daughter. This story is compared to other biblical stories. We will also look at ancient Israelite laws about the punishments for taking a woman’s virginity. This shows that women’s virginity was very important in the past. The Virgin Queen, Queen Elizabeth, is a source of power and control because of her chaste relationship with her people. Two different readings of Hamlet’s relationship with Ophelia are considered. The first is from Polonius in the first act, scene four. The second is from a conversation between Hamlet and Ophelia in Act 3, scene 1. Both emendations question Ophelia’s virginity and confirm its importance. Ophelia’s virginity is a sign of power. While she is a virgin, she can control her own destiny. Ophelia’s virginity condemns her father Polonius and Hamlet. This paper will discuss how women’s virginity is treated, especially how it is overvalued. This is seen in Shakespeare and the Bible. It mostly looks at how Ophelia is treated in Hamlet, but also at virginity in the Bible and during the Renaissance. The play makes many references to the Bible. One example is Jephthah’s daughter. This story is similar to other stories in the Bible. We will also look at ancient Israelite laws about women’s virginity to see how important it was to them. The Virgin Queen, Queen Elizabeth, is a source of power and control because of her chaste relationship with her people. Two different readings of Hamlet’s relationship with Ophelia are considered. The first is from Polonius in the first act, scene four. The second is from a conversation between Hamlet and Ophelia in Act 3, scene 1. Both emendations question Ophelia’s virginity and confirm its importance. Ophelia’s virginity is a sign of power. While she is a virgin, she can control her own destiny. Ophelia’s virginity condemns her father Polonius and Hamlet.
What does Laertes agree to?
Claudius gets a letter from Hamlet saying the prince is back. Claudius asks Laertes to help him plot against Hamlet. Laertes agrees to kill Hamlet with a poisoned sword in a fencing match. If he fails, Claudius will poison Hamlet. Gertrude stops them plotting to say Ophelia has drowned.
KING3179 Now you must forgive me. You must trust me. You must know that he who killed your father has pursued my life.LAERTES3184It seems so. Why didn’t you fight back against these crimes? They were so dangerous and wrong. You were mainly upset.KING3189O, for two reasons, which may seem strange to you, but they are strong.The Queen looks after him, and I look after myself. She is so important to me that I couldn’t live without her.The other motive: I might not go public with my love. Why? Because the general gender bears him, who, like the spring that turns wood to stone, works with all his faults in his love.3201My arrows are too light for the wind. They would have fallen to my bow again, but not where I have aimed them.LAERTES: And so Ianoble father lost, as sister was driven to despair. If praise could be taken back, she would have been a challenger on the mountain of age. But my revenge will come.KING3210 Don’t worry. We’re not made of stuff that can be easily scared. You’ll hear more soon.I loved your father and you. That should teach you to imagine.
Why does Laertes tell Ophelia to break up with Hamlet?
Ophelia’s father and brother don’t want her to be with Hamlet because they think he only wants her body and doesn’t want to marry her.
What does Laertes say must govern Hamlets’ marriage choice?
Laertes says Hamlet must marry someone in a powerful position. 17. What does Ophelia tell Laertes? Ophelia tells Laertes not to be hypocritical.
16. What should Hamlet’s marriage choice be based on?
17. What does Ophelia tell Laertes?
18. In lines 58-80, Polonius gives Laertes a lot of advice. Polonius gives nine pieces of advice. What does this mean? a. (lines 59-60) Don’t give your thoughts a voice. b. (line 68) Give everything.
Why does Laertes caution his sister against marriage to Hamlet?
Why does Laertes think Ophelia can’t marry Prince Hamlet? Prince Hamlet is royalty and may be forced to marry someone else. Laertes tells Ophelia that young men will say anything to get what they want.
📹 A-Level Revision: Hamlet – Character Analysis of Ophelia
Hamlet by William Shakespeare is famous for one man’s inner struggle, but Ophelia is a character worthy of our attention because …
When my drama class and I went over Hamlet, we came to the realization that Ophelia might have known what was going on. Her name comes from Greek and means “help”. If you look at the scene when Hamlet goes to her room crazed and disheveled, we never actually see it happen. We only hear Ophelia talking about it to Polonius. There’s a good chance that Hamlet showed up and told her what was happening and asked her to help him. And in the scene with the flowers, it becomes apparent that Ophelia probably knows something. So we had the thought that Ophelia went mad because she knew that the only reason her father was melding was because of the act her and Hamlet were putting on to make him look crazy, and that meant she played a role in her father dying. It also added to the meaning about how the violets died along with her father because as a maiden, her social obligation was to her father, not her love interest. So she failed in her duty to put her father first.
I think the women’s deaths in Hamlet are actually incredibly complicated. They might be accidents, suicides, or murders. They may both be accidental. Ophelia may have been crossing the stream on the branch and fallen in by accident. Gertrude might not have known the wine was poisoned. In that case, they are both rather tragic deaths of relatively innocent people. The might also both be suicides. Ophelia may have drowned herself, and maybe Gertrude knew that the wine was poisoned, though I don’t think that’s clear. If it is the case that they’re suicides, then Ophelia, with her flowers, might have done something brave in confronting the king and queen, and Gertrude may have shown a sign of redemption and regret for the way Hamlet was treated. If they did kill themselves intentionally, though, should we consider what motivated them to do so? Ophelia’s mental state was, of course, largely because of her father’s death at the hands of her former suitor, but also because of Hamlet spurning her. Gertrude probably felt some guilt because of Hamlet’s accusations before he was sent to England. In that case, Hamlet’s words are in part responsible for both deaths, and that adds some Shakespearean doubling and fulfills some foreshadowing. Remember, the ghost of King Hamlet describes his death in two ways. He says both that Claudius poured poison in his ear and that he was killed by a surprise sting. Hamlet, through his harsh words to both women, was poured poison into their ears, hasn’t he?
I’m surprised that there is no mention of Fortinbras. He is the antithesis of Hamlet: a man of action. The Fortinbras subplot also illustrates how Elsinore is so involved with internal affairs that Denmark falls. In the end, none of the conspiracies or vengefulness was worth it, because now Fortinbras is king.
I think it’s interesting to notice how in Shakespeare’s tragedies there is always some section about ‘telling the story to others.’ It’s a very meta thing to consider because it is like the play you are perusal suddenly feels like a true story, or at least the perspective of the one person who survived (Horatio in this case). It also makes you feel like Hamlet might not have been the good guy: he is only the good guy of the story because that is how Horatio wanted it to be? It was also like that in Antony and Cleopatra, where before she dies she talks about how they might be made fun of on stages, but then we see them heroically. I just think that is a very cool thing Shakespeare did.
The “falling of a sparrow” speech is my favourite part of Hamlet – maybe my favourite thing that Shakespeare ever wrote. It’s not about death – it’s about the acceptance of change, in circumstance, in feelings, and especially in yourself. “The readiness is all” is how he concludes it – being ready for whatever may come is what he spent the whole story learning.
One of the main reasons why Hamlet is arguably my favorite character in literature is through his intelligence and wit. Sure, he is indecisive, though the decisions he has to make take a lot of will power and courage. Where he shines is in the dialogues he has with Polonius, Ophelia, and even Claudius. The way he uses sarcasm, irony, and just flat-out insult make him truly fascinating.
I firmly believe that Hamlet has gotten Ophelia pregnant. There are some strong indications he has – when he refers to her as “nymph”, when he says “conception is a blessing, but not as your daughter might conceive.” Also, in Ophelia madness scene, all her snatches of poetry are about a young woman who was duped into having sex with her boyfriend and who was then dumped.
I played this part in 2013. As I read the play it occurred to me that in addition to the very salient points John made about conscience, fact checking, the nature of revenge, regicide, etc., another reason for Hamlet’s long procrastination is that he appears nowhere to have any desire whatever to be the king of Denmark. As John said, perhaps the life of a grad student was more appealing. I do agree with the view that the Hamlet who returns in Act V is a changed man. He had no problem sending Rosencrantz & Guildenstern off to their deaths, and I don’t think it was merely because they were conspiring with Claudius to have Hamlet killed. Although he has become more a ‘man of action,’ I agree with John that still he hesitates to kill Claudius until his own fate (as well as the fates of Laertes and Gertrude) are sealed. In the final seconds of his life he avenges not only his father, but all the other lives lost in the play, including his own. Also, beyond Hamlet’s narcissism he is obsessed with acting itself. The only two characters known to have been played by Shakespeare himself are the ghost and the player king, both in this play. I’ll take John’s admonition against equating authors with the characters they create and reserve judgment on whether this obsession with acting, the art of deceit if you will, extends to the playwright.
One of the million things that I find fascinating about both the character and the play is that Hamlet’s inaction seems to be an inevitable result of his intellect. He has the imaginative capacity and mental ability to envision an infinite set of consequences for any given action, each of which might have negative components. Couple that with Hamlet’s philosophical discovery that “one may smile, and smile, and be a villain,” that his senses (the only thing that he has to understand the world with) can, at any given moment, be fooled, and it’s no surprise that he is simply paralyzed into inaction.
When we studies Shakespeare, our English teacher had us act out the scenes and study them as actors ourselves. Getting into the minds of the characters and attmepting to understand this character, how they act, feel, react, and most importantly to shakespeare, say that makes their words powerful. I’m taking an acting Shakespeare course now, and the detail of every line, every word, is truly remarkable in how he tells his stories.
John, I love your interpretations and think you make some valid points about Gertrude’s power in the play. However, I believe you are mistaken about her casting the only choice in who gets to be king. When we were reading this play in my English class, we learned that Denmark elected its kings as part of our historical background.
One side note; when Hamlet tells Ophelia “get thee to a nunnery!” he’s not saying “I wish you’d join the church and become a nun.” That would’ve been nice, and might have prevented her from spiraling into madness in the first place. No, in the time Shakespeare wrote the play, a place where nuns reside would be a Convent — a Nunnery was a whorehouse. I’ve always had a thought that Hamlet seduced Ophelia at some point, and she dearly hoped he’d marry her, but then his father died and the play began. But that’s just my PoV
In which John Green teaches you MORE about Bill Shakespeare’s Hamlet. John talks about gender roles in Hamlet, and what kind of power and agency Ophelia and Gertrude had, if they had any at all (spoiler alert: we think they did). You’ll also learn about regicide, Ophelia’s flowers, and Hamlet’s potential motivations. Also, Oedipus comes up again, but we don’t buy it. Ophelia, Gertrude, and Regicide – Hamlet II: Crash Course Literature 204
I thought the reading of Ophelia as hiding her judgement (from the flower scene) behind madness really interesting. Also, I’ve never seen a production that took made that choice, but I would love to! It seems like the potential for parallels between Hamlet and Ophelia are more than I’ve ever thought about. One thought I had while perusal this article is that the play really examines potential reactions to the death of a close family member. Hamlet (b/f ghosty visitation) is quite depressed and withdrawn; Gertrude very quickly moves on (I think as both a mental and physical act of self preservation); Laertes is all rage and killing people; and Ophelia decides not to deal with grief by killing herself (totally agree with and appreciate John’s comments about suicide btw). I really enjoyed this episode! I think that Hamlet’s fact checking as John calls it is the most admirable of the various actions in this play. I also think that it makes him a much more modern “hero” than a lot of Shakespeare’s other characters and possibly why Hamlet remains such a popular play. Because a modern reaction to murder is more hesitant and Laertes’ actions seem rash and a little crazy, while they may not have when the play was written. I would have trouble calling any of the actions in this play heroic though because for me the term heroic implies a reduction of complex actions and internal struggle to single notes. I think that there is a purpose to presenting a character as a single note and that it is very effective, but that’s not how I interpret Hamlet.
I love Hamlet. It is easily my favorite shakespeare play, followed closely by The taming of the shrew. Whats more i loved learning about it in class. I was particularly good at essasys on Gertrude. But i was kind of disapointed that some of the perspectives i found so interesting in class didn’t show here. But thats the beauty of literary discussion. Plus i larned some ways of perceiving certain parts i haden’t heard before. So thatnks for that. Was fun
Thank you for your Crush courses, all of them are awsome, though, I love this one the most. Answering your question, dear mr. Green: I believe that the definition of heroism has been changing through ages. Nowadays, maybe because the era of Information has come, heroism most of the time is being shown by revealing an obvious truth in public.
Hamlet has long been one of my favorite Shakespeare plays. I found it fascinating reading it when I was 12. It struck me then, as it strikes me now, a central theme is Hamlet and Ophelia working through depression. For the longest epoch, I’ve thought that after Ophelia dies, Hamlet has nothing left to lose and that is why he takes can finally take action.
This is a tragedy. But I have a more important question. Did you ever hear the tragedy of Darth Plagueis the Wise? I thought not. It’s not a story the Jedi would tell you. It’s a Sith legend. Darth Plagueis was a Dark Lord of the Sith, so powerful and so wise he could use the Force to influence the midichlorians to create life… He had such a knowledge of the dark side that he could even keep the ones he cared about from dying. The dark side of the Force is a pathway to many abilities some consider to be unnatural. He became so powerful… the only thing he was afraid of was losing his power, which eventually, of course, he did. Unfortunately, he taught his apprentice everything he knew, then his apprentice killed him in his sleep. It’s ironic he could save others from death, but not himself.
I hope in the future we have a CC Literature 300 covering (for example) the Lord of the Rings, MacBeth (or is it McBeth?), the Prince, the Inferno and ad absurdum infinitum. For now, I shall remain satiated and fascinated by this year’s selections. Keep up the fantastic work, John (and ditto to Hank).
It’s so interesting to examine Hamlet from a non-theatrical point of view. Having studied the work in several classrooms and acting in a production, it seems that there are facets of the play that require human embodiment to answer. For instance, so much of the play (and its subsequent discussion) focuses on inaction, yet the atom of theater is action. Can one actor stand on stage for three hours and not act? I have also found the opening lines of the play particularly important. In original Elizabethan productions (taking place in the afternoon) on a well lit stage, Bernardo and Francisco’s case of mistaken identity immediately requires a suspension of disbelief while foreshadowing the plagues of doubt to follow.
Is interesting that in many ways Ophelia is mirroring Hamlet using her ‘madness’ to tell the truth to her enemies. Maybe she was the only one who picked up Hamlet’s strategy. Like John said she decided that she wouldn’t become a murderer and funny enough water bodies are important for both characters epiphanies. Very good course 😀
Cavalier and clay is a great book! Good job. I can’t make out the other books, u should put a camera shot over your books briefly so I can book browse. Who doesn’t admire gazing with dumb wonder at a rich oaken tapestry of literature? Also you should do post moder lit with all the old family favorites like borges, barth, pynchon, dellilo, Marquez, Tom Robbins, and McCarthy
I just love how so many people think that John Green is the only one writing the script and sharing opinions and doesn’t collaborate with a dozen plus people about what’s going to be in the script and how they’re going to present these stories. I know it’s John’s face and voice that we’re seeing, but, at least with Crash Course, he’s not writing the scripts himself. Think we all need to step back and realize that.
You did not really go into the grave digger scene. That is the most important part of the play. Before that scene Hamlet discusses the idea of death as a Metaphysical one. Death is a concept that deals with emotions and spiritual issues. When he is holding the skull and speaking of it, Hamlet begins to understand death in terms of empirical reality. To anyone that reads or sees Hamlet take special notice of the language of that scene. Then again that is the great thing about this play. So much to discuss that 20 + minutes is not enough.
I have a question. When Hamlet comes back from the voyage, how is he changed? Just hearing his speech with the skull seems to show he has the same feeling on mortality. But people are forever saying he changes drastically. In the end, when he kills Claudius it doesn’t seem so much a resolution as a last minute decision. Anyone help
Can we also say Horatio is a hero in his own merits? By knowing the truth and Hamlet’s source of agony, but not attempting to talk him out of it not deriving judgements? Obviously I know that he may only exist as a character devised to lay out the plot (as told from high school English), however, as we may see, most characters involved in this play, regardless of whether they’re deeply invested or informed, take sides (team Claudius or team Hamlet), but with Horatio, he acts loyally as a friend but never beyond that extent, he seems to be kind of neutral. It takes courage to not make judgements because of love, and courage to not side with love.
Have you John Green or anyone else read “Dating Hamlet”? It’s a YA book about Hamlet from Ophelia’s perspective. They mess with the narrative and kind of create a story within the existing Hamlet story where Ophelia is the person to make things happen. I think people would be interested in that version.
Polonious is cool, of the three father figures in the entire play he is the best, even to Hamlet. His family is the healthiest and deals the healthiest with their lack of a parent (where’s their mom?). I like to read this as a commentary on family and grief, in that the family that doesn’t deal appropriately with grief ends up killing the healthy one one by one. It would seem that family trouble affects more people than just that family, but everyone connected with them regardless of health. Meanwhile Polonious’s family tries to help Hamlet, serve their country, and take care of each other.
I believe that Hamlet had every right to wait and think about what he should do, Hamlet had a conscience which ate at him constantly and although he deeply wanted to avenge his father he also did not want to murder Claudius, I dont think Hamlet is a hero, however the time he took thinking and being indecisive was heroic in my eyes as it shows his inner battle with morality. I may be wrong but Hamlet is a very complicated guy…
I once had to make a play about what would happen if 3 characters from different literary works ended up in hell together. I can’t remember who the third was, but Daisy Buchanan and Hamlet were definitely in it. I seem to remember the third being a drunken pessimist but beyond that, no idea. I, unfortunately had not read Hamlet because of the way I had progressed through school (they started me in regular English in 9th, halfway through the year putting me in Honors and then I went AP in 11th). I ended up taking quotes directly from Hamlet, knowing little about the character and made a pretty coherent play. I didn’t win the contest, but it was fun Hamming it up when I had to perform as Hamlet.
Inaction reminds me of civil disobedience, where one might refuse to follow a law or expectation with the idea that the law or expectation is immoral. Rosa Parks had the choice to comply by the rules enacted on a bus, but she chose to stay right where she was. It is a difficult choice, weighing in the consequences and risks, that would ultimately bolster change.
I actually think Ophelia didn’t commit suicide. She’s the character whose entire trajectory you see on stage – being first degraded by her dad & bro (some srsly messed up language there), and then her descent painfully public until she’s pulled into the mud – and even then, degraded in death when the church insists on treating her death as suspicious and doesn’t give her a proper burial. Ophelia should be bringing progress with the new, young generation but the tragedy is the old, corrupt lot clinging onto their order and messing things up for everyone.
Speaking of Gertrude’s bizarrely specific explanation of Ophelia’s death (that implies she’s either lying about being there, or she watched it without trying to help)… There’s a theory that Ophelia was pregnant with Hamlet’s child. One of the flowers Ophelia gave Gertrude was rue, which, obviously, symbolizes regret, but was also used as an abortifacient. When handing Gertrude the flowers, Ophelia says, “There’s rue for you, and here’s some for me… I will wear mine with a difference.” She also, in her madness, sings crudely sexual songs about a woman being abandoned by her lover once she gives him her virginity. The theory would explain why Gertrude allowed Ophelia to die – she knew that it was the only way to protect her honor. That, or she killed her herself.
I feel like Ophelia is the Hamlet who was decisive, who took paths of her own, and maybe made some wrong choices but made the choices just the same. She, like Hamlet (I believe) faked her madness to be allowed to speak truth, similar to how court fools would feign stupidity to deliver biting commentary without retribution (something Shakespeare had quite often in his plays: see Feste and Touchstone for good examples) and, once she had said her peace, was ready to die and be done with it, because she couldn’t wait around any longer for action, and frankly could not listen to the others’ heresy anymore. Gertrude saw her death not for what it was but rather what she wanted it to be: an accident by a madwoman, not a direct death by a person (arguably) far braver than she was (up until the final scene) who confronted her problems head-on. That said, I find Ophelia a tragic character, in that none of this had to have happened to her. She could’ve gone through her life unaffected by tragedy until someone did act, that someone being Claudius, and her life could’ve been righted by an action to levy it (by Hamlet or Gertrude alike). Also, she deserved better than Hamlet, whose “Get thee to a nunnery” is far more biting considering the Elizabethan slang of nunnery=brothel. As in ‘the only way anyone will sleep with you is if you’re employed to do it.’ Ouch, thanks, quasi-ex-kinda-boyfriend.
An open letter to John Green – Thank you kindly for naming two of your most famous characters with the last name “Grayson”. My English teacher recently discovered Will Grayson, Will Grayson and she has taken to making jokes about my “flamboyance” even though I’m perfectly straight. Best wishes, Grayson Jenkins
I will still stand by the fact that Hamlet isn’t indecisive but in a shifting society – he reflects his elizabethan context wherein the religion and therefore culture and society was repeatedly changing creating an unstable England (“time is out of joint”) … Hamlet is a modern renaissance man so he is “allowed” to grieve and show emotion and is also trying to maintain a semblance of reason – the conflict comes through the traditional structure of the court in its brisk dismissal of a murder and corruption in attempts to maintain the facade of normalcy contrasted to Hamlet’s emotions and desire to maintain morality
“Shakespeare’s plays have only one point. Don’t kill kings. He was paid by kings.” So said my old, often drunk English teacher. As to why he used Roman names for Danish characters, well, the vast majority of his plays were set in either Italy or Rome, so I think it must have become a habit. Every writer struggles to come up with names for his charactors, and Roman names were the ones that sprang most easily to his mind, IMHO..
I’m a great fan of Hamlet. Always disappointed, though, when they cut out my favorite lines, spoken by the players. (For let the stricken deer go weep,/ The hart ungalléd play/ For some must watch while some must sleep/ So runs the world away.) To me, these lines say a lot about the nature of life, death, mourning, and the idea that the world moves on even through tragedy. Anyway, David Tennant’s portrayal of Hamlet is available for free on PBS, and it’s pretty good. Especially if you’re a fan of David Tennant.
This is very close to Isaac Asimov’s interpretation of Hamlet. (John, have you read his book on Shakespeare, by the way? I think you’d like it. He looks at a lot of the history and it’s really cool. Good ol’ Asimov.) There are some aspects, as a result, that I agree with, and some that I don’t, particularly in terms of the Oedipus complex. It has been theorized that Hamlet’s unresolved hostility towards his father was hidden by what I (and many other psych geeks) see as one of the big things Freud thought up that isn’t BS: coping and defense mechanisms. Reaction formation, obsessive actions and forced thoughts in the opposite direction of true, unconscious feelings, can be illustrated here, assuming the Oedipus complex theory is valid, in that Hamlet takes his warlike and distant father (remember, he sent the guy off to grad school for who knows how long while he conquered Norway) and puts him square on the highest pedestal he can. He considers Gertrude’s remarriage as an insult to his memory, and talks on and on about his father’s feelings and honor. Even if he loved his father, which at some rate he certainly did, the obsessive nature of his speech does not show a healthy level of respect than an adult child would have for their parent. Even the young Hamlet interpretation (wherein he is 16 instead of 30) implies this. We see another defense mechanism as well, though, in projection. As I stated, Hamlet cites his father as the reason the remarriage so soon was so wrong. While it is certainly inappropriately soon, his ranting about it to Ophelia just before The Mousetrap play shows he’s not a rational kind of angry.
Senior year someone, maybe the teacher maybe a student I’ve slept since then so I don’t really remember, made the suggestion that perhaps Gertrude killed Ophelia based on the fact that Gertrude seemed to have watched Ophelia drown rather than help her. Ophelia’s insult of the flowers was too great or she feared for Hamlet’s safety was the suggested motive.
In my first year of university I wrote a paper on Hamlet, in which I tried to prove that Horatio in-fact killed Ophelia due to his jealousy and undying love for Hamlet. Before Ophelia dies, Horatio (the seemingly most honest, loyal, and competent character in the play) is tasked with the duty of perusal over Ophelia, and following her to make sure she doesn’t befall any sort of harm or misfortune.
I think all the meaning is what someone give to something. it might no have meant that to the author. it is good to try to decipher something, but it scares kids when they dont see it as the same way of the scholars. I guess that is the beauty of art, you see it the way you want it unless the author tells you what it means.
Also, I think inaction could be seen as heroic. When you’ve got pressure coming from all sides to follow established codes such as vengeance, marriage etc. it takes bravery to stop and think about it. Sometimes it is best to remain inactive, though whether this is the case in the play I am not sure, as if Hamlet killed Claudius at the start then the slaughter at the end of the play would have been avoided. However, Hamlet dies with the peace of mind that his vengeance is just, but if he’d killed Claudius without that verification, he probably would have tortured himself about it for years. Therefore, inaction did have some positive effects (eventual resolution of the violence, peace of mind), but also some VERY negative effects i.e. the deaths of Polonius, Laertes, Ophelia, Gertrude. So I DON’T KNOW! Maybe these deaths were the only way to end the cycle of violence? So many questions. It’s such a good play.
Can we talk about how Claudius sent Hamlet on the sea trip and basically hired the pirates to attack the boat; but Hamlet was able it intercept the letter and get the jump on the pirates, avoiding death? That certainly makes the argument that Hamlet really is a different man when he returns. He finds out his uncle had plans to kill him. He comes back determined to show everyone, his mother, and Ophelia included, that his uncle is a murder. (Ophelia’s death is a surprise, but thats another issue). God dammit. I love this play.
I have to do a crossword for Hamlet and I’m stuck on 5 of them 🙁 “Ophelia’s funeral is:_” (13 letters) “part of the play where we learn the background”(10 letters) “Rosencrantz and Guildenstern” (7 letters) “Hamlet’s first plan to seek revenge” (16 letters) and “In a revenge tragedy a hero must always:_” (8 letters)
Each time I read Hamlet, I can’t decide if I’m more intrigued by the dynamics between he and Gertrude or he and Ophelia. I think that a certain amount of willful ignorance on the part of Gertrude makes her less strong of a character, but no less interesting. I think I let Updike’s interpretation kind of color my own; not that I feel that she was involved directly and gleefully aided Claudius in dispatching H Sr. but that she was, if nothing else, satisfied with the outcome of his loss and allowed it to override the love and loyalty she would undoubtedly had for/to her only son (Is now a good time to say that I named my cat after her? That’s…a thing). As far as Ophelia is concerned, I think she felt genuine love (in the way teenagers or young adults can) for him and he for her. Her descent into madness began with Hamlet’s rejection of her; the men in her life don’t seem to have much regard for her, and it was established early on that Hamlet and Ophelia had corresponded in writing and in person and if he didn’t love him, she must have trusted him a great deal. Hamlet’s full realization of his feelings for her didn’t occur until after her death. He may have cared for her, but did not acknowledge or respect her feelings, nor did he consider that fact that she would not be there to love him; his behavior my have been that of an Elizabethan D-bag, but I believe it was product of his — and Shakespeare’s — culture. I will not discount the idea that he felt betrayed by Ophelia when he discovered that she was being used as a de facto spy for Polonius and Claudius.
So most of the compelling and intellectually stimulating content of the play is in how it’s characters deliberate at length about what to do before making significant decisions. This play isn’t lost on so many students because it’s old or because they’re being obstinate. The stereotypical highschooler completely lacks the kind of experiences that the main themes would resonate with.
Heart shaped clover grows among the brooks, behind the cloud a gentle cherub looks, and places there where she shall wet her head, a crown of columbine and violet. Dear Ophelia your youth was grand, extended further by your maddened state, instead of planting flowers with your hand, you picked them to relieve them of their fate. May your tune live long after your soul, restore the wind with innocence you stole.
For some reason the idea of “heroic inaction” keeps reminding me of Asimov’s laws of robotics, where robots are not to allow harm to come to the people through inaction. I wonder if Asimov is implying that inaction is a human thing and the robots, despite being in the absolute neutral and therefore have to be objectively just, are ultimately machines and can only be just where action is involved.
Oooooh Ophelia is powerful now, she gave them flowers. Come on, anyone can go up to people and tell them how they feel, but acting upon your judgement is something else entirely. Gertrude is not the object of Hamlet’s sexual attraction, he just says how disgusted he is that she does sex things with his uncle. Nothing in the play hints at him actually wanting to bang her, just him describing how he thinks she bangs his uncle, which a person who is all up in his mom’s business would be spending his time thinking about. But it’s a good episode, I hope you do more plays and works of early literature.
David Ball wrote a terrific book on script analysis called “Backwards and Forwards,” and in it he argues that The audience isn’t supposed to know whether or not Claudius is guilty. Throughout the early parts of the play, Claudius is portrayed as a jovial, sympathetic parent. Ball argues that Claudius’s secret prayer in the chapel was supposed to be an M Night Shyamalan-level twist: the friendly father-figure who went out of his way to bring Hamlet’s friends from Wittenberg is revealed.
I honestly think Laertes is the good guy in this play, or at least, better a person than Hamlet. Hamlet killed Polonius for really no reason, fornicated with Ophelia, and then drove her mad to the point where she killed herself (regardless of if it was intentional). While violence shouldn’t be the answer, for the purposes of the play, I think Laertes is more just than Hamlet. Laertes simply wanted vengeance, and while Hamlet wanted it too, he was kinda evil. There is also no proof that Laertes knew Claudius got the throne by killing his brother/Hamlet’s father.
I searched the definition of ‘heroism’, because I’m a literalist. According to Google, heroism is ‘extreme bravery’–which begs us to define what bravery is. I personally think bravery is acting in a manner you think necessary (absence of fear isn’t courage, it rather denotes a lack of intelligence–I’d say courage frequently means acting in spite of ones fear). One could argue, when looking at the characters of Ophelia and Gertrude, that heroism is making a place for yourself in the world and declaring ones own autonomy, against all odds and society’s expectations. (I never considered Gertrude or Ophelia as heroic, and for that I feel I must turn in m English nerd badge. I also always thought of Hamlet’s ambivalence as a sign he was ineffectual, not potentially heroic–for this I am also ashamed).
That painting of Ophelia drowning is gorgeously sad…but the weird thing that struck me as I looked at this hundreds-of-years-old painting is: she REMINDS me of somebody! In real life, I mean. I can’t quite put my finger on it… (Okay, yeah, a little bit like me if I was a redhead, but that’s not it…)
You missed out on the historical reading of the play: Danes actually voted on their kings, so Polonius had to be elected to that position. This means he was probably a pretty good politician at the time; people liked him enough to vote him into office. Given this interpretation, it changes the reading of Gertrude marrying Claudius to ensure Hamlet gets the throne. But this is just a historical reading, in Elizabethan England the interpretation might’ve been more in line with English Royal succession.
It is strange to believe that non-action can sometimes be the heroic choice, but Hamlet’s ambivalence doesn’t feel like heroism. It lacks a sort of larger purpose that I think is important to the concept of being a hero. Though it is deep and meaningful debate, it doesn’t seem to extend to anything more than setting things right in his own life.
Hamlet is so awesome but my English teacher in high school ruined it. we didn’t read the manuscript. we watched the mel gibson adaptation and answered super basic knowledge questions with no kind of extension on humanity or misunderstanding. it was really saddenning to have read it and felt it and just watch it be crushed for all the students.
There is a great contrast between what Hamlet writes in his love letters to Ophelia and the way he treats her a few scenes later. He waxes lyrical about how he loves her, and suddenly he’s telling her to go to a whorehouse. If you want to believe the worst about Hamlet, and I do, it is starting to look like he has gotten Ophelia pregnant. There are other, strong indications that Hamlet has gotten Ophelia pregnant, like when he tells Polonius, “Conception is a blessing, but not as your daughter might conceive!” There are also indications that Ophelia is pregnant when she appears before the Queen in a state of madness. People might look askance on such behavior, but it was probably the way most young men treated their sweethearts at the time. It’s not that different now.
The fact that Hamlet procrastinates isn’t really true. He is very ready to avenge his father, he just wants to be sure that A. the ghost of his dad isn’t the devil and B. Claudius really killed his dad. But once its confirmed he does it without hesitation. When he kills polonius thinking he’s Claudius. But he also wants to make sure he can do it without getting in trouble. Not stupid, just smart.